Sporten en insulinegebruik

• Physical exercise has many health benefits, equally so for people with diabetes mellitus.
• The glycaemic responses to the various types of exercise differ and include an increased risk of late (nocturnal) hypoglycaemia, making physical exercise a challenge for some people with diabetes who are treated with insulin.
• Insulin treatment interferes with normal physiologic responses to exercise, which are necessary to maintain the blood glucose level within the normal range.
• During aerobic exercise, the blood glucose concentration usually drops, whereas anaerobic exercise generally causes a rise in glycaemia in people with diabetes using insulin.
• In people with insulin treated diabetes, a combination of frequent (continuous) blood glucose monitoring, adjustments in insulin dose and ingestion of carbohydrates ensures a safe management of glycaemia during and after physical activity.

Conflict of interest and financial support: potential conflicts of interest have been reported for this article. ICMJE forms provided by the authors are available online along with the full text of this article.